Neophage

Description

Metformin 500mg helps control blood sugar levels in patients with type 2 diabetes. It works by lowering glucose production in the liver, improving the body’s response to insulin, and helping muscles use sugar more effectively. It also slows down glucose absorption from the intestines. Together, these actions keep blood sugar within a healthier range.

Uses in Pakistan

Doctors commonly prescribe Metformin for:

• Management of type 2 diabetes

• Improving insulin sensitivity and reducing liver glucose output

• Lowering the risk of diabetes-related heart problems

• Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) to regulate cycles and insulin levels

• Prediabetes to reduce the risk of developing type 2 diabetes

• Supporting weight control in some patients with insulin resistance

Dosage

• Type 2 diabetes (adults): Starting dose is usually 500–850 mg once or twice daily with meals

• PCOS: 500–1,500 mg daily (divided doses with meals)

• Gestational diabetes: 500–1,000 mg daily, as advised by the doctor

• Maximum daily dose: 2,000 mg (divided)

• Always follow your doctor’s instructions for dose and duration

How to Use

• Take tablets with meals to reduce stomach upset

• Swallow whole with water; do not crush or chew

• Take at the same time(s) each day for best results

When Not to Use

Avoid Metformin if you have:

• Allergy to Metformin

• Severe kidney or liver disease

• History of diabetic ketoacidosis

• Severe infections, injury, or conditions affecting oxygen supply

• Regular heavy alcohol use

Side Effects

Common side effects may include:

• Nausea, vomiting, or diarrhea

• Stomach discomfort or loss of appetite

• Metallic taste in the mouth

• Headache or tiredness

• Long-term use may cause Vitamin B12 deficiency

Rare but serious: Lactic acidosis (seek urgent care if you develop muscle pain, unusual weakness, trouble breathing, or stomach discomfort).

Precautions & Warnings

• Use with caution in elderly patients or those with kidney/liver problems

• Avoid alcohol while taking Metformin

• Monitor Vitamin B12 levels if used long term

• Inform your doctor about all medicines you are taking

Drug Interactions

Metformin may interact with:

• Insulin or other diabetes medicines (risk of low blood sugar)

• Certain diuretics (e.g., furosemide)

• ACE inhibitors (e.g., captopril, enalapril)

• Contrast dye used in scans (may affect kidneys — doctor may advise stopping temporarily)

• Corticosteroids or beta-2 agonists (can raise blood sugar)

Food Interactions

• Avoid alcohol (increases lactic acidosis risk)

• A healthy, balanced diet helps reduce stomach side effects

• High-fat meals may reduce absorption

• Long-term use may lower Vitamin B12 — include B12-rich foods

Storage / Disposal

• Store in a cool, dry place at room temperature

• Keep away from direct sunlight and moisture

• Do not use after the expiry date

• Keep out of reach of children

Quick Tips

• Always take Metformin with meals

• Do not skip doses; if you miss one, take it when remembered unless near the next scheduled dose

• Regular blood sugar monitoring is important

• Do not stop suddenly without medical advice

Doctor’s Overview — Dr. Imran Sheikh, MBBS, FCPS (Endocrinology)

Metformin is the first-line treatment for type 2 diabetes and helps improve blood sugar control without weight gain. It is also used in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) to help regulate menstrual cycles. Long-term use requires monitoring of kidney function and Vitamin B12 levels.

Disclaimer

This overview is for educational purposes only. Metformin is a prescription medicine and should be used only under the supervision of a qualified healthcare professional.