Co-Cardiotec

Description

Enalapril Maleate belongs to the class of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors. It helps in lowering blood pressure and managing heart failure by relaxing blood vessels, allowing blood to flow more easily. Enalapril is a prodrug, converted in the body to its active form, Enalaprilat, which inhibits the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II — a potent vasoconstrictor. This leads to vasodilation, reduced blood volume, and decreased workload on the heart.

Primary Uses

• Management of hypertension (high blood pressure).

• Treatment and prevention of heart failure.

• Support in cardiac remodeling and post-myocardial infarction care.

How It Works

Enalapril inhibits the renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system (RAAS) by blocking ACE, which prevents formation of angiotensin II. This results in widened blood vessels, decreased vascular resistance, and reduced fluid retention, effectively lowering blood pressure and easing strain on the heart.

Dosage

• Taken with or without food.

• Usually one or two tablets daily, as advised by a healthcare provider.

• Swallow whole with water — do not crush or chew.

Side Effects

Possible side effects include:

• Low blood pressure (hypotension).

• Dizziness, fatigue, or headache.

• Nausea, GI upset, or loss of taste.

• Cough or shortness of breath.

• Rash or blurred vision.

• Neutropenia (low white blood cells) – rare but serious.
  If jaundice or swelling occurs, discontinue use and consult a doctor.

Warnings & Precautions

• Avoid use in pregnancy; ACE inhibitors may harm the fetus.

• Use cautiously in renal or hepatic impairment; dosage adjustments may be necessary.

• Avoid alcohol to reduce risk of low blood pressure.

• Maintain adequate hydration; dehydration can worsen hypotension.

• Report symptoms of persistent cough or swelling immediately.

Contraindications

• Hypersensitivity to Enalapril or any ACE inhibitor.

• Aortic stenosis (narrowing of the heart valve).

• Angioedema history (facial or airway swelling).

• Severe renal impairment or cardiogenic shock.

Drug Interactions

Enalapril may interact with:

• NSAIDs (e.g., Ibuprofen, Aspirin): may reduce antihypertensive effect.

• Potassium-sparing diuretics or supplements: risk of hyperkalemia.

• Diuretics or other antihypertensives: additive hypotensive effect.

• Lithium: increased toxicity risk.

• Diabetes medications: altered blood glucose levels.

Doctor Review

Dr. Ahmad Raza, MBBS, FCPS (Cardiology):
“Enalapril remains a cornerstone ACE inhibitor in hypertension and heart failure management due to its proven efficacy and cardiovascular benefits. Regular monitoring of blood pressure, renal function, and electrolytes is essential during long-term therapy.”

Storage

Store below 25°C, away from direct sunlight and moisture. Keep out of reach of children.

Quick Tips

• Take at the same time daily to maintain consistent blood levels.

• Stand up slowly to prevent dizziness.

• Drink enough water, but avoid excessive salt substitutes containing potassium.

• Do not stop abruptly; consult your doctor before discontinuing.

• Report persistent dry cough or facial swelling immediately.

Disclaimer

This information is for educational and informational purposes only and does not substitute professional medical advice. Always consult a qualified healthcare professional before starting or adjusting any medication.