Diampa LT

Glyxambi combines Empagliflozin, an SGLT2 inhibitor that promotes urinary glucose excretion by blocking renal glucose reabsorption, with Linagliptin, a DPP-4 inhibitor that enhances incretin effects to boost insulin secretion and suppress glucagon in a glucose-dependent manner. This dual mechanism improves glycemic control, reduces cardiovascular mortality in T2DM, and provides renal/hemodynamic benefits through natriuresis and weight loss. Clinical trials demonstrate superior A1c reduction and CV risk mitigation compared to monotherapy.

Key Benefits:

• Dual glucose-lowering mechanisms for comprehensive T2DM control
• Cardiovascular death risk reduction in adults with T2DM
• Promotes weight loss and blood pressure reduction
• Renal protection through glucosuria and hemodynamic effects
• Once-daily oral administration with low hypoglycemia risk

How to Use

• Administration: Take one tablet daily, with or without food.
• Timing: Same time each day for consistent absorption and adherence.
• Dosage: As prescribed by healthcare provider; typically morning dosing.
• Consistency: Do not skip or alter without consultation; monitor blood glucose regularly.
• Duration: Long-term for T2DM management; provider determines based on response.

Expert Tips from CureCart Direct:

• Stay hydrated to minimize dehydration/UTI risk from osmotic diuresis.
• Monitor for genital infections; maintain hygiene, especially in females.
• Check ketones if nausea/fatigue occurs (euglycemic DKA risk).
• Use glucose monitoring; SGLT2 affects urine glucose tests.
• Report symptoms of low blood sugar promptly.

Missed Dose: Take same day if remembered; skip if next dose due—do not double. Consult provider for adjustments.

Overdose: May cause hypoglycemia; watch for sweating, shakiness, confusion. Seek emergency care; glucose administration may be needed.

Primary Uses

• Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in adults.
• Reduction of cardiovascular death risk in T2DM patients.

Indications

Indicated as adjunct to diet/exercise for glycemic control in adults with T2DM when metformin inappropriate or additional therapy needed. Empagliflozin component provides CV mortality benefit per EMPA-REG OUTCOME trial.

Side Effects

Common:

• Urinary tract infections
• Female genital mycotic infections
• Diarrhea, nausea/vomiting
• Flatulence, abdominal discomfort, indigestion
• Headache, asthenia

Less Common:

• Dehydration, orthostatic hypotension
• Increased urination
• Hypoglycemia (with insulin/sulfonylureas)

Serious/Rare:

• Euglycemic diabetic ketoacidosis
• Fournier’s gangrene (rare necrotizing infection)
• Acute kidney injury
• Bone fractures, lower limb amputations (Empagliflozin signal)

Warnings and Precautions

• Pregnancy: Avoid; discontinue if planning pregnancy—fetal renal risks.
• Lactation: Not recommended; consider alternatives.
• Driving: Risk of hypoglycemia/dizziness—monitor and avoid if affected.
• Alcohol: Avoid; increases hypoglycemia/dehydration risk.
• Renal/Liver Disease: Contraindicated in severe renal impairment/ESKD; caution in liver disease.
• Hypersensitivity: History of serious reactions to components.
• Other: Volume depletion risk in diuretics/elderly; monitor renal function, ketones in illness.

Contraindications

Do not use in:

• Severe renal impairment, ESRD, or dialysis.
• Metabolic acidosis including diabetic ketoacidosis.
• Type 1 diabetes.
• Serious hypersensitivity to Empagliflozin, Linagliptin, or excipients.

Drug Interactions

• Diuretics: Enhanced dehydration/hypotension.
• Insulin/Sulfonylureas: Increased hypoglycemia risk.
• Urine Glucose Tests: False positives from glucosuria.
• 1,5-AG Assay: Interference affects glycemic monitoring.
• Corticosteroids/Phenothiazines/Thyroid/Estrogens/OCPs/Phenytoin/Nicotinic Acid/CCBs: May reduce efficacy or increase glucose.

Storage/Disposal

Store at room temperature, protected from sunlight, heat, and moisture. Keep out of children’s/pets’ reach. Do not use expired; dispose via pharmacy take-back—do not flush.

Doctor Review

Dr. Mariam Siddiqui, MBBS, FCPS – Consultant Endocrinologist “Glyxambi’s synergistic SGLT2i/DPP4i mechanism leverages Empagliflozin’s glycosuric effects (60-80g daily glucose excretion) with Linagliptin’s incretin preservation, achieving additive A1c reductions of 1.0-1.5% in T2DM. Cardiovascular outcomes from EMPA-REG demonstrate 38% relative risk reduction in CV death, driven by hemodynamic benefits including 4-5 mmHg systolic BP lowering and 2-3kg weight loss. DPP-4 inhibition provides glucose-dependent insulin augmentation without weight gain or significant hypo risk. Renal considerations include eGFR monitoring due to initial dip from natriuresis, while genital infections (5-10% incidence) necessitate hygiene counseling. Euglycemic DKA remains critical diagnosis in SGLT2i users during stress.”

FAQs

How does it lower blood sugar? Empagliflozin increases urinary glucose excretion; Linagliptin boosts insulin via incretins.

CV benefits? Reduces cardiovascular death risk in T2DM adults per clinical trials.

Infection risk? Higher UTIs/genital infections; maintain hygiene, stay hydrated.

Safe in kidney disease? Contraindicated in severe impairment/ESKD; monitor eGFR.

Hypoglycemia risk? Low alone; increases with insulin/sulfonylureas.

Related Tests: A1c, renal function, urine ketones, blood glucose.

Quick Tips:

• Daily same-time dosing.
• Hydration essential.
• Hygiene prevents infections.
• Monitor ketones in illness.

Disclaimer: This information is for educational purposes only and not a substitute for professional medical advice. Always consult a qualified physician before use. CureCart Direct ensures accurate details but cannot cover all interactions or precautions. Prices and availability subject to change.