Description

Description
Zolpidem is a sedative-hypnotic medication used for the short-term treatment of insomnia. It enhances the action of GABA (gamma-aminobutyric acid), a calming neurotransmitter that slows brain activity. This helps users fall asleep faster and stay asleep longer, particularly when difficulty initiating sleep is the main concern.

Composition / Ingredients

  • Active Ingredient: Zolpidem.

Drug Class

  • Non-Benzodiazepine Sedative-Hypnotic (“Z-drug”).

Dosage Form

  • Oral Tablet.

Indications / Uses

  • Used for short-term management of insomnia, particularly difficulty falling asleep.

Dosage & Administration

Patient Type Formulation Recommended Dose
Adults Immediate-Release Tablet 5–10 mg at bedtime (start at 5 mg for women)
Adults Extended-Release Tablet 6.25–12.5 mg at bedtime (start at 6.25 mg for women)
Elderly or Debilitated Immediate-Release Tablet 5 mg at bedtime
Elderly or Debilitated Extended-Release Tablet 6.25 mg at bedtime

Take once nightly just before bedtime, ensuring 7–8 hours of uninterrupted sleep time.

Overdose Information
Overdose may cause extreme drowsiness, slowed breathing, low blood pressure, or coma. Urgent medical support and monitoring are required. Flumazenil may reverse sedation but can trigger seizures, so must be used cautiously.

Missed Dose
Skip missed dose if it’s near bedtime or close to the next scheduled dose. Never take a double dose.

How to Use

  • Take immediately before bed.

  • Swallow whole with water.

  • Do not take with or after food.

  • Avoid alcohol or sedatives.

  • Ensure full sleep time of 7–8 hours.

When Not to Use

  • History of sleepwalking or complex sleep behaviors.

  • Allergy to zolpidem.

  • Severe liver disease.

Side Effects

Common:

  • Dizziness, headache.

  • Abdominal discomfort, diarrhea.

  • Fatigue, anxiety.

  • Mild hallucinations (in sensitive individuals).

  • Temporary memory disturbance after intake.

Precautions & Warnings

  • Use carefully in liver disease, depression, or substance abuse history.

  • May cause daytime drowsiness or slow reaction time.

  • Recommended for short-term use only to avoid dependence.

Drug Interactions

Interaction With Effect
Alcohol, Opioids, Benzodiazepines Increased sedation and respiratory risk
CYP3A4 Inhibitors (e.g., Ketoconazole) Elevated zolpidem levels
CYP3A4 Inducers (e.g., Rifampin) Reduced effect
SSRIs / Antidepressants Prolonged sedation
Other Sleep Aids Excessive drowsiness

Storage & Disposal
Store at room temperature, away from moisture and light.
Dispose through pharmacy take-back or sealed waste methods.
Keep away from children and pets.

Doctor’s Review

Zolpidem is effective for short-term relief of insomnia, particularly when difficulty falling asleep is the main problem. When used correctly and for a limited duration, it offers predictable results with fewer morning side effects compared to older sedatives. However, patients should be monitored for unusual sleep behaviors or dependency if used beyond recommended duration.”
— Dr. Ayesha Nair, MD (Psychiatry), Sleep Medicine Specialist

Disclaimer

This information is intended for educational purposes only and should not replace professional medical advice. Always consult a licensed healthcare provider before starting or stopping any medication. Do not self-prescribe or share this medication with others.

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